TAMARIW – Semi-autonomous docking manoeuvre for small satellites

07.02.2024

Two 3U small satellites combine in orbit to form a 6U satellite

Mission overview

TAMARIW is a rendezvous and docking mission scheduled to launch in 2027. In cooperation with the Chair of Information Technology for Aerospace at JMU Würzburg, the aim is to demonstrate the capabilities of small satellites in autonomous approach and docking manoeuvres, paving the way for future CubeSat missions – for example, in the areas of on-orbit servicing, space debris removal and formation flying.

Mission concept

• The mission consists of two 3U CubeSats that are launched together as a 6U satellite.
• After being deployed into LEO orbit, the two units separate.
• They then perform a series of rendezvous and docking manoeuvres – starting at close range and gradually increasing the distance.

Docking mechanism

A central element of the mission is the use of electromagnets for docking. This technology is crucial for future CubeSat concepts such as:

• Self-assembly of modular satellites in orbit
• Construction of large structures in space
• Reduction of launch costs through segmented systems

Technical challenges

Attitude and Orbit Control System (AOCS)

The AOCS uses a combination of:

• Star trackers
• Sun sensors
• Reaction wheels These enable precise attitude control during approach manoeuvres.

On-Orbit Autonomy (GNC)

Autonomous navigation is based on a guidance, navigation and control algorithm that:

• Independently executes rendezvous and docking procedures
• Operates completely without ground contact

Cost efficiency through COTS components

A particularly exciting aspect is the consistent use of commercially available standard components (COTS). This enables:

• significantly lower development and mission costs
• lower technical risk
• faster iteration and testing

Significance of the mission

TAMARIW provides valuable data for the further development of CubeSat technologies in proximity operations. In particular, the ability to assemble independently in orbit using electromagnets will be a key technological driver for expanding the capabilities of small satellites.

Funding

This project is funded by the Deutsche Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (German Aerospace Centre) with funds from the Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie.

Contact

For further information, please contact us at:

Related Links

Wikipedia
TAMARIW

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Universität Würzburg
Lehrstuhl Informatik VIII